MPE: MIDI Polyphonic Expression

In theory, you should be able to configure any instrument to work with an MPE controller. For example using a very simple engine:

  • Add 6 chains, each with MDA JX10, on consecutive MIDI channels, e.g. 1…6.
  • Select the same preset on all, e.g. Analog Bass.
  • Set the MIDI input for the MPE controller to multitimbral mode.
  • MIDI learn a CC to the VCF Freq of each, using global learn mode and learning from each corresponding MIDI channel, i.e. send MIDI CC from MPE controller on the channel that is learning.

This gives you a kind of MPE instrument. You can change the audio output routing for the chains to not go to main mix but instead to an audio chain so that you have an overal level control.

If you can duplicate the master channel data across the member (note)n channels with a MIDI processor (or the controller has a mode that does it internally, like the Linnstrument) any synth with a guitar mode should work with MPE. I’ve only tried it with a Matrix 1000 myself.

Obviously any multitimbral module will work, I’ve used a bunch of 80s and 90s modules and an NES console with an old MidiNES cart, never had an issue with any of them.

The only thing it would take for easy MPE compatibility in the Zynthian is the ability to assign more than one MIDI channel to a single chain - with that in place an MPE compatible synth like Surge should just work, including all of the MPE handshake and automatic setup stuff that I’ve personally never actually needed to use once in the 6 years I’ve been playing a Linnstrument.

Ok. So then you want this to be set up and maintained in a more automatic manner (rather than doing everything times six). Would it come down to a new chain type, a type that uses x number of MIDI channels? It needs to look and behave as one chain also when playing pads etc.

You can save blocks of chains by building them up with the use of the merge facility.
There isn’t a formal mechanism as such but it allows you to work with blocks of chains defined under global control.

It is on our radar but not necessarily a high priority. You can already assign ALL MIDI Channels to a synth chain and you can limit the MIDI input devices a chain listens to so there are a few configurations you can do but yes, doing this all manually is a bit of a pain. But how many times do we actually set up such patches? I would tend to test things out on a single chain before duplicating and in practice I would probably err towards an MPE compatible synth engine rather than have many instances of the same which may have a higher than optimal resource load.

It’s something you should ideally do once then build upon.
Global allocation of MIDI makes it work. Perhaps it might want saving against a ctrldev instance in some way, so we could provide device recognition and application of appropriate base snapshot groups to produce a seamless staring point for devices that are connected?

Right yes. I haven’t been able to use mine for a few weeks. The manual still says that you can only use a single MIDI channel per track in active mode (which I almost never use, so I couldn’t remember if it supported multiple channels now).

Group strips in the mixer would make this (and a bunch of other audio and MIDI routing things) a lot simpler, plus with more than 16 chains on the horizon it would be a good way to manage visibility. Mostly things that are already possible, but displayed in a more streamlined, performance-friendly way.

I was already planning to submit a feature request, I’ll get on that in the next few days. I want to actually draw a simple signal flow diagram and maybe mock up a couple of screenshots first.

That is already possible and a future (hopefully next release) development adds effect send / return loops.

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My 5 cents on MPE. I have been eyeing with interest the all-new-and-shiny keyboard tech for a few years now, and have always resisted the occasionally passing idea of investing some significant money in a Roli or Osmose controller. This is partly due to the fact that I do not particularly fancy mid-size keybeds for my playing needs, and the 5-octave Roli Grand sports a price tag that for me would rather call for an A-class synth acquisition (like, say, a Moog Muse).

This being said, a technology capable of rolling 15 Midi channels to address polyphonically volume, pitch and timbre together on a per-note basis is simply amazing per se, and certainly affords levels of melodic and chordal expressiveness never attained before by electronic musical instruments.

I quote from the Roli site MPE explainer:

[When a device is transmitting MIDI according to MPE, it will use a range of channels:

One channel (usually Channel 1) is used for global messages – data such as preset changes and pedal positions are transmitted on this channel to apply to all notes equally. The global channel is set by the “MPE Zone.” When the MPE Zone is the Lower Zone, Channel 1 is used for global messages. When the MPE Zone is Upper Zone is, Channel 16 is used for global messages.

The remaining channels (usually Channels 2–16) are used to transmit notes and expressive data – including note-on velocity, pitch bend, channel pressure (aftertouch), CC74 (brightness), and note-off (release) velocity – on a note-per-channel basis. The expressive data will only apply to the note which is on the same channel.]

As each new technological breakthrough, MPE is not necessarily an enlightening revelation for every musician on the same level. The only time I ever laid my hands on a Seaboard I received mixed impressions: it was indeed extremely expressive and flexible - maybe in the way guitarists, oboists or string players are accustomed to - but not necessarily musical to the same degree for every genre of music and musician.

I guess that for someone doing Raga, ethnic, blues, jazz or improvisational stuff, or maybe mounting a keyboard orchestra for contemporary classical music, MPE controllers are arguably the new way to go, since they allow local note control at an unprecedented level of detail and natural feel. But IMHO this depends a lot on the kind of musical culture and instrumental technique one adheres to and/or aims at. My musical world is polyphonic at the core, and my focus of interest is structural development of thematic ideas, therefore I would seldom resort to the luxury of a costly 3-D Midi controller, for some particularly striking solo passage or theme exposition, let alone the fact that managing MPE data in a DAW for ensemble/orchestral programming is challenging and time-consuming.

Furthermore, there are anatomic limitations, to the way a human hand can actually convey independent musical lines with specific pitch control - like say, a gamba player - and the real number of truly autonomous melodies that a keyboard performer can sustain is only three or four, with some compromises and quite a bit of harmonic filling notes. Thus, for how appealing would be to (try and) perform the keyboard rendition of a six-part Byrd’s song for viol consort on Equator, with an MPE controller, the unsurmountable reality of the human limbs is that meaningful pitch and timbre control per-finger is intrinsically outside the instrumental nature of a keyboard, divided in discrete steps even if it is clad in sensory rubber, and mastering a polyphonic 3D concertato writing is probably attainable (with much exercise) for no more than two or (perhaps) three voices.

Anyway, I would love to find the time, resources and opportunity for exploring the possibilities of MPE nuanced playing, but for the time being I am still quite content with stepped tuning, devoting my musical energies to the composition of larger canvases (BTW, and however most of us seldom/never use them, there exist interesting and sometimes revelatory tuning systems alternative to the equal-tempered, like Mesotonic, just and Pytagorean, which already project the performance and its tonal character in unusual territories).

Best regards :rainbow:

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I made video to show how polyphonic aftertouch can be used. It needed some programming on the receiving synth to have something distinguishable. It was fun playing it I have to admit.

On another hand I do own an Osmose, and this is something else. Especially the way that sound can come in slowly while pressing keys gradually. A real pleasure to my hands/ears.

Both polyaftertouch and MPE have their own interest in terms on playing technique and sound.

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Looking forward to experimenting with what’s possible to do by hooking up a Seaborad Rise 2 with Zynthian. Still waiting for a chance to order a Zynthian kit though. All I can do for now is to read and guess how it works.

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